兔消化道疾病综合防治：腹泻病因分析与对症治疗策略

Diarrhea is the most common clinical sign in rabbit production, not an independent disease. Accurate identification of diarrhea etiology is the prerequisite for symptomatic treatment. Blindly using antibiotics without differentiating causes is a common farming misconception.

Bacterial diarrhea is mainly caused by pathogenic E. coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella. Typical features include yellow-green watery or jelly-like feces with mucus and foul odor. Acute diarrhea from Clostridium perfringens has extremely high mortality. Treatment requires susceptibility test-guided antibiotic selection.

Parasitic diarrhea is predominantly coccidia-related, with oocyst detection being key for differential diagnosis. Feces often contain blood streaks, most common in young rabbits. Anticoccidials such as toltrazuril show significant treatment effects. Nematode infections can also cause chronic diarrhea.

Nutritional diarrhea is directly related to feed quality and formulation. Insufficient dietary crude fiber (below 12%) slows intestinal motility and disrupts microbiota. Mycotoxins from moldy feed are important diarrhea triggers. Sudden feed formulation changes are also common causes.

Treatment strategies: bacterial diarrhea uses sensitive antibiotics with montmorillonite powder to protect intestinal mucosa. Parasitic diarrhea uses appropriate antiparasitic drugs. Nutritional and stress-induced diarrhea primarily relies on feed adjustment, probiotics, and acidifiers, usually without antibiotics. All diarrhea cases require fluid therapy to correct dehydration.