兔瘟综合防控体系：疫苗免疫程序与生物安全措施

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease commonly known as rabbit plague, is an acute, fulminating, highly fatal infectious disease caused by rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV). It is the number one threat to the rabbit industry. The virus is extremely resistant and contagious; once an outbreak occurs, over 90% mortality can happen within 3-5 days.

RHDV is divided into classical RHDV and variant RHDV2. RHDV2 can infect kits under 4 weeks of age, overturning the previous understanding that classical RHDV only infects adult rabbits. Transmission occurs through direct contact and indirect routes (feed, water, personnel, insects, and wild rabbits).

Peracute cases show no obvious signs before sudden death. Acute cases display depression, complete anorexia, rapid breathing, fever above 41 degrees Celsius, and neurological signs such as opisthotonos before death. Necropsy reveals tracheal ring hemorrhages and liver necrosis.

Vaccination schedule is the core of prevention. Commercial rabbits: first vaccination at 30-35 days, booster at 60-70 days, then every 4-6 months. Breeding rabbits: 2-3 vaccinations annually. Bivalent inactivated vaccines containing both RHDV and RHDV2 are recommended. Monitor antibody levels 21 days post-vaccination.

Biosecurity measures include: all-in all-out production, strict disinfection of external personnel and vehicles before entry, disinfection with rabbits present 2-3 times weekly. Do not raise other animals in rabbit facilities. Immediately isolate suspected cases and report to local veterinary authorities.